What are the New Approaches in Vaccine Development?

The present-day vaccine manufacturing sector has undergone several changes. The demand for human vaccination is anticipated to shoot up – especially in the underdeveloped and developing parts of the world. The emerging countries require affordable vaccines. Only a small portion of a large population of an underdeveloped country has access to high-quality heat stable vaccines. It’s predicted that by circa 2015, the entire vaccine market will be worth USD 25 billion.

Vaccine development in the Asia Pacific Region

Many vaccine researchers as well as manufacturers have taken note of low immunization rates in Asia Pacific regions. The regions have three things in common: burgeoning population, increased personal wealth and enhanced govt. funding. Each of these factors contributes to improving personal health of the population. Vaccine growth in Asia Pacific is up to 65 percent.

New approaches

Increased demands for vaccination have put new challenges for vaccinologists and researchers. As the market grows, fresh, innovative approaches are developed to build effective vaccines. Health policy makers are leaving no stone unturned to make vaccines easily accessible.  The policy makers adopt a large set of improved technologies for making vaccines easily available. 

Accelerated sterility testing – One of the most significant approaches that are adopted by contemporary vaccinologists is improved sterility testing. The main purpose of accelerated sterility testing is providing biosafety to a vaccine. In simple terms, the test helps determine whether a vaccine has fungi/bacteria or not. Accelerated sterility testing helps vaccinologists perform quick checks upon a vaccine and saves a lot of time.

Real-time detection – The absence or presence of mycoplasma can now be analysed via RNA detection. The RNA detection uses new types of kits and technologies. Such revolutionary detection kits require a meagre (20 ml) of test article.

Such type of technologies has transformed the entire realm of vaccine preparation. With such cutting-edge technologies by our side, we can hope the future to be better and healthy.

Innovation in Vaccines against Enteric Diseases

What are Enteric Diseases?

Disseminating the word Enteric to its origin, it is derived from the Greek word Enteron, which means intestine. In simple terms, Enteric diseases are infections caused by viruses and bacteria. These bacteria generally enter our body through mouth or intestinal system. A bacterium named salmonella is one of the common causes behind enteric diseases. 

 Causes of Enteric Diseases

Primary Cause- as a result of consuming contaminated food or liquids.

Secondary Cause- as a result of being directly exposed to contaminated feces is a secondary way of contracting enteric ailments.

Children, people with disabilities and elderly individuals are easy target to enteric diseases owing to weak immune system. Chronic stomach ache, diarrhea, a nauseating feeling are some of the most common side effects of enteric diseases. Death is possible in extreme of cases, even if a strong immune system tries to defend our body against pathogens, diarrhea and nausea could lead to dehydration. The duration of enteric ailments depends upon the intensity of the infection incurred. More than a year long infection could result in severe malnutrition, impaired cognitive development and stunned growth.   

Enteric Vaccine Development

Gastrointestinal (Enteric) diseases are major cause of towering mortality rate among children especially in developing countries. As per the WHO’s staggering reports, the impact of enteric infection has been largely unnoticed. The death toll ensnared nearly 1 million lives of below five years of age. UNICEF achieved some success in 80s through Diarrheal Disease Control Program. 

The Quick-Action Strategy

 Adequate research in the field of enteric vaccine development is a challenge. Gastrointestinal diseases are caused by number of pathogens including viruses, bacteria and parasites. The complexity lies in the large number of existence of these pathogens because immunization exists for few. The innovative drive in formulation development of enteric vaccine lies in using combination of approaches to protect the patient against infection.  Apart from improving sanitary conditions, quick treatment through proven therapeutics including ORS and zinc is highly beneficial to curb the epidemic.